Tandava dance pdf

Gives social picture: Society cherished love, wars and heroes. Bards, priests and poets received royal patronage. Poets mention four varnas: Nobility, priests, traders and farmers. Society divided into clans Kuti , however dining and social interactions permitted among them. Unlike North India, the South Indian society did not have stringent 4-fold varna stratification and Jati system. Women were allowed to choose partners, but life of widows was miserable.

Gives economy picture: Five economic zones tinai viz. Agriculture, hunting, gathering, fishing and pastoralism were primary occupations.

Crafting, weaving served as secondary source of income. Women formed a significant part of labour force, particularly in paddy cultivation, craft and weaving. Kings received income from trade, tributes and plunder.

Regular system of taxation was absent. However, export of pepper, ivory, silk, cotton and booty from raids made the kings wealthy. Chola Temples Q. Walls decorated with sculptures and paintings of deities, kings and queen instead of lion motifs from Pallava.

Temples are enclosed by decorative walls and entrance Gopuram ; have an audience hall Mandap ; a deity room Garbhgriha ; a pyramid like storey above the deity room Vimana Ultimately the beautiful Shikara stone at the top — each with elaborate and meticulous carvings- Weighing in tonnes yet placed without help of cranes. Tandav Dance Q. NIOS culture course ch. The figure of Lord Shiva as Nataraja represents the creation and destruction of the cosmic cycle.

Some of his dances are calm and gentle, while others fierce, orgiastic, heroic, bold, vigorous and terrible- such as the Tandava dance of Nataraja. In Tandava dance form, the angry Shiva is surrounded by his drunken attendants ganas , he beats out a wild rhythm which destroys the world at the end of the cosmic cycle.

Thus Tandava dance is meant to give symbolic expression to religious idea of Shiva being the Destroyer among the trinity of Bramha, Vishnu and Mahesh. In some temple sculptures, Ganesha is depicted in Eight armed form, dancing the Tandava. Shiva himself is considered to have invented atleast different dances- including the fiercely aggressive Tandava- where he destroys the world at the end of the cosmic cycle. Thus Tandava is meant to give symbolic expression to religious idea of Shiva being the Destroyer among the trinity of Gods.

Ancient Hindu scriptures narrate many incidents where Tandava was performed including: Shiva at the death of Sati, to express his grief and anger. So, it was natural for the players to expect that lot of questions will be of 1m, 2m, 5m each.

Especially for culture, sci-tech, even for world-history to some extent. UPSC did follow that expected line: questions were indeed small, only in terms of marks 5 marks and 10 marks each but not in terms of length words and words each. Bring out the regional variations in the early south Indian temple architectural styles. For both questions- sufficient matter available in standard reference books, as we saw while solving the answers.

The GS1 paper started with culture question- hence most players would have panicked and it indirectly affected their performance even in remaining questions from history-post-independence India and geography where they did have sufficient answer points inside their head. Even if he can recall entire content, still it is humanly impossible to finish 25 questions in words with high quality points within three hours.

In other words, the paper was set by a South Indian professor. So for Mains, candidate must prepare South Indian culture topics thoroughly. Prior to that, two markers related to folk dances and festivals.

Delhi is worth only 7 parliament seats. D study on all classical dance forms, all temples, all painting, google n wiki day and night …while ignoring the high-scoring areas such as freedom struggle, geography, polity, Economy, Environment-biodiversity and Science. In the game of chess, if you try to defend every pawn, you end up losing the entire match.

In short, a culture topic must be prepared but should not be prepared beyond its aukaat. Studyplan for Mains Culture section Q. But their history textbooks have dumbed down entire India history to secular case studies to prevent any new PILs and controversies. Almost useless for history. But unfortunately, it did not. Cursory reading. ICSE textbooks are not free. Useful but not essential.

Overall future utility reduced Not much useful. There is no other way or refuge, Just the mere thought of Lord Shiva removes the delusion and detachment. Puja vasanasamaye dashavaktragitam Yah shambhupujanaparam pathati pradoshhe Tasya sthiram rathagajendraturangayuktam Lakshmim sadaiva sumukhim pradadati shambhuh One who recites this song composed by Ravana At the end of prayer to Lord Shiva early in the morning, Gets wealth of chariots, elephants, horses.

Lord Shambhu always gives such people prosperity. The Shiva Tandava Stotram represents the cosmic dance of Lord Shiva that eliminates all negative energies. The hymn includes 15 verses and each verse describes the fearless Shiva and his eternal beauty in great detail. In India, every dominant divine energy has many forms and names. Among the many virtues of Lord Shiva, the most popular one is where Shiva is addressed as Bholenath ; it means one who is innocent and easy to please.

The legend goes like this: Lord Shiva granted a boon to anyone who praised him, or performed penance with faith and devotion. All the demons took undue advantage of this and worshiped Lord Shiva as they knew that it was easy to please him and then receive a boon. Ravana, who was a great priest, administrator, warrior, and devotee of Lord Shiva was known as the demon of demons. He loved himself and his powers a lot. The story of Shiva Tandava Stotram begins on a day when Ravana tried to lift the Kailash mountain in his hand to take Lord Shiva along with him to Lanka.

As a consequence, Lord Shiva pressed his toe, and in the process, crushed the fingers of Ravana. Ravana cried in pain. To escape from the wrath of Lord Shiva, Ravana sang a hymn that came to be known as the popular Shiva Tandava Stotram. It is said that music is the most powerful tool to please the Lord. Lord Shiva was engrossed in the music of Ravana and became immensely pleased. When Lord Shiva told Ravana to ask for a boon, Ravana requested that the Lord confer him with the most powerful tool and thus, became indestructible.

There are innumerable benefits of chanting Shiva Tandava Stotram. Chanting or listening to Shiva Tandava Stotram confers one with immense power, beauty, and mental strength. It is said that chanting the stotram removes all negative energies and makes the atmosphere pious. Shiva Tandava Stotram has no specific time and anyone can chant it at any time. However, there are some special benefits of chanting it at these times:.

During the eclipse, chanting, meditating, or praying is a hundred times more effective than at other times. He is playing with a snake by keeping all his fingers in a serpent hood-like shape. The pedestal of the image is a double lotus flower, placed back to back.

Uttara Kamikagama gives further particulars in addition to the above as given in Amsumadbhedagama. In the japa , on the right stands the three-eyed Ganga, with hands held in anjali pose, with the upper half of body shaped in the form of a lady adorned with karanda makupa and other ornaments, whilst the lower half is in the form of running water.

In the japa on the left is the crescent moon. The left ear wears patra kundala , whilst the right has nakra kundala ; on the feet are anklets of tiny bells and another pair of other designs. This dance is known as Bhujanga trasa. If the foot of the uplifted leg is kept higher than the knee of the standing leg, the dance is called Bhujanga lalita. According to Natya sastra ,.

It is lifted up. The second dance is Sandhya Tandava. The left hands hold peacock feather and vismaya wonder pose in which the palm is held up but is bent forward a little curved, the first and the second fingers being bent forward together whilst the third and the fourth fingers and the thumb stand separated. Gopinatha Rao questions this and the cooperation of the gods is clearly indicated in their position of chorus. All the Devas attend the dance. Brahma plays on cymbals, Hari Visnu , on a pataha , Bharali, on the lute, the Sun and the Moon, on flutes.

Tumburu and Narada supply vocal music and Nandi and Kumara bear drums. The Devas were worshipping without any pause. That was a day of the 11th phase of the moon— Ekadasfr. The next day— dva-dasi —the Devas broke their fast and became perfect. On that day, placing the gold creeper of Himavan —the Mother—at head, for four hours, Sankara danced whirling the trident. The Silpasangraha and Mayamata further state that this was performed under the banyan tree.

This is found represented in the Lalitd mode of dance. But the Mayamata speaks of this as Bhujangatrasa. The third is Uma Tandava. Shiva has six hands, i. The additional right hand holds trisula ; the additional left, a skull. The left leg is placed on apasmara. The right leg sweeps to the right. Umadevi stands on the left of Shiva.

The Dance of marriage is spoken of as a separate dance and this is called the Dance of the Dances, the Uma Tandava.

In describing the Sandhya Tandava , the Tamil work Agamattirattu , we noted, mentions a Trisula ; perhaps because of this, Gauri Tandava is known sometimes as Sandhya Tandava. All these are pointed out tp show that the descriptions have not become authoritatively definite. The fourth Tandava is the Gauri Tandava. This is like the Ananda Tandava. The important feature is the holding of the serpent in one of the left hands. Some of the dances are characterisd by the persons standing by.

In this dance Nandi stands on the right side and Gauri on the left. Mayamata describes this as Bhujanga lalita , probably because of the playing with the serpent held in one hand.